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Acidity regulators play a crucial role in the food and beverage industry, ensuring products maintain their desired taste, texture, and shelf life. One such important acidity regulator is INS 330, also known as citric acid. Derived primarily from citrus fruits, citric acid is a natural organic compound that not only enhances flavor but also serves as a preservative and an antioxidant.

However, the use of fertilizers must be managed carefully to avoid environmental issues. Over-reliance on inorganic fertilizers can lead to soil degradation, water pollution, and nutrient runoff, which negatively impact ecosystems and biodiversity. Therefore, sustainable practices such as integrated nutrient management and precision agriculture are gaining popularity. These approaches encourage the use of organic fertilizers in conjunction with inorganic ones, allowing for efficient nutrient delivery while minimizing negative environmental effects.

Furthermore, E330 is low in calories, making it a favorable ingredient for those seeking to reduce their sugar intake without compromising flavor. Its addition can help improve the palatability of certain nutrient-rich but bland foods, promoting healthier eating habits.

Sodium ascorbate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by food safety authorities, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). When consumed in normal dietary amounts, it poses minimal health risks. However, as with any additive, excessive consumption should be avoided, as it could lead to gastrointestinal discomfort in sensitive individuals.

As a food additive, potassium sorbate is used as a preservative in concentrations of 0.025–0.100%,which in a 100 g serving yields an intake of 25–100 mg. In the United States, no more than 0.1% is allowed in fruit butters, jellies, preserves, and related products.Up to 0.4% has been studied in low-salt, naturally-fermented pickles, and when combined with calcium chloride, 0.2% made good quality pickles.Potassium sorbate has about 74% of sorbic acid's anti-microbial activity.When calculated as sorbic acid, 0.3% is allowed in cold pack cheese food. The upper pH limit for effectiveness is 6.5.

Safety and Regulatory Approval

The Role of Potassium Chloride as a Food Additive