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Secondly, the presence of biosecurity measures, including proper disinfection, is crucial in maintaining the trust of pet owners. Owners expect veterinary clinics to uphold high standards of hygiene to protect their pets' health. A clean and well-maintained environment reflects professionalism and fosters client loyalty.

2. Anti-inflammatory Drugs Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, particularly in dogs suffering from arthritis or after surgery. Common NSAIDs for dogs include carprofen and deracoxib. It’s essential to use dog-specific formulations, as human medications can be toxic to pets.

3. Probiotics Probiotics can boost your dog’s immune system and support urinary health. They help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the gut, which can indirectly affect the urinary system.

Common conditions that dog internists encounter include diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, liver dysfunction, and various autoimmune diseases. For instance, diabetes mellitus is becoming increasingly common in dogs, particularly in overweight or older pets. Symptoms may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, and lethargy. Diagnosis is typically made through blood and urine tests, and management often involves insulin therapy, dietary changes, and regular monitoring.

Common Cow Skin Diseases

Mechanism of Action

Treatment and Control Measures

While anti-inflammatory medications are invaluable in equine medicine, they must be used judiciously. Prolonged use of NSAIDs, especially in high doses, can lead to gastrointestinal ulcers and kidney damage. As for corticosteroids, they can compromise the immune system and lead to laminitis or insulin resistance if mismanaged.

Dosage and Administration