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The design principles for reinforced concrete with FRP bars also need to account for these differences. Codes and standards have been evolving to provide guidance for engineers. For instance, the American Concrete Institute (ACI) has published specific guidelines, such as ACI 440.1R-15, which offer extensive recommendations on designing reinforced concrete structures with FRP bars. These guidelines cover aspects such as allowable stress rates, deflection limits, and service life predictions.
Additionally, the behavior of FRP-reinforced concrete under service loads differs from that of traditional reinforced concrete. Due to the linear stress-strain relationship of FRP materials, structures tend to have a more brittle failure mode compared to the ductile behavior of steel-reinforced concrete. As such, design codes need to incorporate specific considerations for failure mechanisms, ensuring that structures remain safe under unexpected loading conditions.