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Materials Used for Manhole Construction:
Manholes are commonly constructed using various materials to ensure durability, stability, and ease of maintenance. Here are some of the typical materials used in manhole construction:

Gratings, often found at the intersections of streets and drain channels, serve as covers for stormwater inlets. These metal or plastic structures provide several critical functions. First and foremost, they allow water to flow into the drainage system while preventing debris, such as leaves, trash, and larger objects, from entering the pipes below. This debris can clog the system, leading to backups and flooding.

The statistics regarding global waste generation are alarming. The World Bank estimates that by 2050, the world will generate 3.4 billion tons of waste per year. This increase in waste is closely tied to rising populations and consumption patterns, particularly in developing nations. Each item we casually discard often ends up in a landfill or our oceans, leading to significant ecological consequences. Plastic waste, for instance, has infiltrated marine ecosystems, harming wildlife and entering the food chain, ultimately affecting human health as well.

Conclusion