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Chemical Raising Agents Chemical raising agents, unlike their biological counterparts, work quickly and do not require time for fermentation. The most common chemical leaveners are baking powder and baking soda. Baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate, needs an acidic component (like buttermilk or vinegar) to activate, creating carbon dioxide gas. On the other hand, baking powder contains both an acid and a base and is ready to work when mixed with liquid. There are two types of baking powder single-acting and double-acting. Single-acting baking powder releases gas as soon as it is moistened, while double-acting baking powder does so in two phases—once when wet and again when heated. This characteristic makes double-acting baking powder particularly popular in recipes that require baking in a preheated oven.
raising agents in food

Potassium sorbate is a salt of sorbic acid naturally found in some fruits (like the berries of mountain ash). The commercial ingredient is synthetically produced, creating what is termed a “nature identical” chemical (chemically equivalent to the molecule found in nature). Today, this preservative can be found in wine, cheese, beer, dried meat, soft drinks, and many other food products. This food additive is often used to improve shelf stability and prevent bacteria and mold growth. This ingredient is so prevalent in processed food because it does not change the quality of the product and is also water-soluble.