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Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor, widely recognized for its application as a food preservative. Its use in the food industry dates back centuries, particularly in the preservation of dried fruits, wines, and various fermented products. Sulphur dioxide acts primarily as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent, enhancing the shelf life of products while maintaining their quality. However, its application comes with a mix of benefits and concerns that are essential to understand in today's context of food safety and consumer awareness.

2. Enhancing Texture In processed foods such as margarine and spreads, E425 contributes to a desirable mouthfeel and consistency. Its ability to improve the creaminess of these products makes it a popular ingredient among manufacturers.

Despite their many benefits, the application of natural food stabilizers does come with challenges. The effectiveness of these stabilizers can be influenced by various factors, including pH, temperature, and the presence of other ingredients. Thus, meticulous formulation and testing are essential to ensure that the desired texture and stability are achieved.

While its chemical properties are foundational to its function, the role of sodium benzoate in food safety cannot be overlooked. It acts primarily by decreasing the pH of the food environment, which in turn inhibits microbial growth. This quality has made it particularly valuable in acidic foods, where it proves most effective. The maximum concentration allowed in food products varies by region; for example, in the United States, the FDA permits the use of sodium benzoate up to 0.1% in food and beverages.

The use of gums in food processing serves multiple functions. Here are a few of their key roles