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    Masonry wall ties and anchors are essential for maintaining the structural integrity of multi-layered walls. These components help to ensure that the inner and outer layers of a cavity wall, or the masonry veneer and its backing, work together to resist loads and prevent movement.  Properly installed wall ties can absorb and transfer loads between the wall layers, enhancing stability and durability. Anchors, which are often used in conjunction with ties, provide additional security by anchoring the masonry to a structural element such as a steel or concrete frame.  The correct use of wall ties and anchors is crucial in areas subject to high winds, seismic activity, or significant temperature fluctuations, as they help to prevent cracking and structural failure.

    Horizontal joint reinforcement is an integral component in masonry construction, crucial for enhancing the structural stability of walls.  This reinforcement consists of steel wire placed within the mortar joints between masonry units.  Its primary function is to control and mitigate the effects of cracking due to thermal expansion, contraction, and structural loads.  By providing additional tensile strength, horizontal joint reinforcement helps in distributing loads more evenly across the wall, thus preventing localized stress concentrations that could lead to structural failures.  This method is particularly beneficial in areas prone to seismic activity, where buildings must withstand lateral forces without compromising their structural integrity.